Trade lane

What Poland buys from Italy.

Poland imported USD 18bn of manufactured and processed goods from Italy in 2024, up 1 per cent on 2022. That is 6 per cent of everything Poland imported in these lines, and Italy is its number 3 source. Below: the 50 largest lines, the fastest growing, where Italy dominates, and where another country ships the same line for less a tonne.

Trade year 2024, compared with 2022. Unit values are customs values per tonne, declared at the border, not product prices.

USD 18bnfrom Italy in 2024 (USD 18bn in 2022)
6 per centof Poland's imports in these lines, USD 327bn from every source
1,513product lines worth USD 1m or more on this lane
#3Italy's rank among Poland's sources
The top 50

The largest lines on the lane, by 2024 value.

Each line shows what Poland paid Italy for it at the border, Italy's share of everything Poland imported in that line, how it changed since 2022, and the customs unit value per tonne where the weight is recorded. Together they are 31 per cent of the lane.

  1. 1

    Vaccines, toxins, cultures of micro-organisms (excluding yeasts) and similar products: for human medicineHS 300241

    Share of Poland's imports43 per cent, 22 source countries
    Changeup 168 per cent on 2022 (USD 182m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 2.2m a tonne, 227 tonnes
    USD 488min 2024
  2. 2

    Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), for transport of goods, (of a gvw not exceeding 5 tonnes), n.e.c. in...HS 870421

    Share of Poland's imports22 per cent, 36 source countries
    Changeup 7 per cent on 2022 (USD 282m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 11,487 a tonne, 26,280 tonnes
    USD 302min 2024
  3. 3

    Vehicle parts and accessories: n.e.c. in heading no. 8708HS 870899

    Share of Poland's imports11 per cent, 106 source countries
    Changeup 21 per cent on 2022 (USD 235m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 6,896 a tonne, 41,319 tonnes
    USD 285min 2024
  4. 4

    Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail saleHS 300490

    Share of Poland's imports4 per cent, 75 source countries
    Changeup 43 per cent on 2022 (USD 171m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 19,356 a tonne, 12,689 tonnes
    USD 246min 2024
  5. 5

    Plastics: other articles n.e.c. in chapter 39HS 392690

    Share of Poland's imports9 per cent, 157 source countries
    Changeup 6 per cent on 2022 (USD 201m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 6,563 a tonne, 32,397 tonnes
    USD 213min 2024
  6. 6

    Vehicle parts: gear boxes and parts thereofHS 870840

    Share of Poland's imports19 per cent, 85 source countries
    Changeup 155 per cent on 2022 (USD 79m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 20,601 a tonne, 9,845 tonnes
    USD 203min 2024
  7. 7

    Vehicle parts: brakes, servo-brakes and parts thereofHS 870830

    Share of Poland's imports12 per cent, 92 source countries
    Changeup 40 per cent on 2022 (USD 130m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 6,784 a tonne, 26,963 tonnes
    USD 183min 2024
  8. 8

    Vehicles: parts and accessories, of bodies, other than safety seat beltsHS 870829

    Share of Poland's imports8 per cent, 92 source countries
    Changeup 73 per cent on 2022 (USD 97m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 5,054 a tonne, 33,081 tonnes
    USD 167min 2024
  9. 9

    Engines: compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87HS 840820

    Share of Poland's imports12 per cent, 31 source countries
    Changefrom USD 13m in 2022
    Unit valueUSD 21,288 a tonne, 7,087 tonnes
    USD 151min 2024
  10. 10

    Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, painted, varnished or coated with plasticsHS 721070

    Share of Poland's imports14 per cent, 41 source countries
    Changedown 40 per cent on 2022 (USD 232m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1,201 a tonne, 116,769 tonnes
    USD 140min 2024
  11. 11

    Insulated electric conductors: ignition wiring sets and other wiring sets of a kind used in vehicles, aircraft or shipsHS 854430

    Share of Poland's imports16 per cent, 79 source countries
    Changeup 245 per cent on 2022 (USD 40m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 29,406 a tonne, 4,719 tonnes
    USD 139min 2024
  12. 12

    Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not electrolytically)HS 721049

    Share of Poland's imports11 per cent, 45 source countries
    Changedown 13 per cent on 2022 (USD 150m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 951 a tonne, 137,491 tonnes
    USD 131min 2024
  13. 13

    Iron or steel: articles n.e.c. in heading 7326HS 732690

    Share of Poland's imports9 per cent, 96 source countries
    Changedown 1 per cent on 2022 (USD 128m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 6,248 a tonne, 20,258 tonnes
    USD 127min 2024
  14. 14

    Machines and mechanical appliances: having individual functions, n.e.c. or included in this chapterHS 847989

    Share of Poland's imports11 per cent, 75 source countries
    Changeup 41 per cent on 2022 (USD 84m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 29,241 a tonne, 4,043 tonnes
    USD 118min 2024
  15. 15

    Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including thermostatically controlled valvesHS 848180

    Share of Poland's imports8 per cent, 92 source countries
    Changedown 6 per cent on 2022 (USD 121m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 23,991 a tonne, 4,759 tonnes
    USD 114min 2024
  16. 16

    Machinery: for packing or wrappingHS 842240

    Share of Poland's imports41 per cent, 46 source countries
    Changeup 14 per cent on 2022 (USD 95m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 50,600 a tonne, 2,134 tonnes
    USD 108min 2024
  17. 17

    Footwear: n.e.c. in heading no. 6403, (not covering the ankle), outer soles of rubber, plastics or composition leather, uppers of leatherHS 640399

    Share of Poland's imports6 per cent, 111 source countries
    Changeup 17 per cent on 2022 (USD 91m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 65,395 a tonne, 1,626 tonnes
    USD 106min 2024
  18. 18

    Engines: reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity exceeding 1000ccHS 840734

    Share of Poland's imports27 per cent, 31 source countries
    Changeup 285 per cent on 2022 (USD 27m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 16,220 a tonne, 6,483 tonnes
    USD 105min 2024
  19. 19

    Cosmetic and toilet preparations: n.e.c. in heading no. 3304, for the care of the skin (excluding medicaments, including sunscreen or sun tan preparations)HS 330499

    Share of Poland's imports8 per cent, 124 source countries
    Changeup 12 per cent on 2022 (USD 88m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 25,879 a tonne, 3,833 tonnes
    USD 99min 2024
  20. 20

    Food preparations: bakers' wares n.e.c. in heading no. 1605, whether or not containing cocoa: communion wafers, empty cachets suitable for pharmaceutical use, sealing...HS 190590

    Share of Poland's imports14 per cent, 80 source countries
    Changeup 63 per cent on 2022 (USD 60m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 4,846 a tonne, 20,355 tonnes
    USD 99min 2024
  21. 21

    Aluminium: articles n.e.c. in heading 7616HS 761699

    Share of Poland's imports16 per cent, 81 source countries
    Changeup 1 per cent on 2022 (USD 97m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 8,064 a tonne, 12,159 tonnes
    USD 98min 2024
  22. 22

    Plastics: plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, other than cellularHS 392190

    Share of Poland's imports13 per cent, 65 source countries
    Changedown 9 per cent on 2022 (USD 106m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 5,209 a tonne, 18,642 tonnes
    USD 97min 2024
  23. 23

    Iron or non-alloy steel: (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness exceeding 10mmHS 720851

    Share of Poland's imports18 per cent, 39 source countries
    Changedown 24 per cent on 2022 (USD 127m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 814 a tonne, 118,452 tonnes
    USD 96min 2024
  24. 24

    Electric motors and generators: parts suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of heading no. 8501 or 8502HS 850300

    Share of Poland's imports14 per cent, 58 source countries
    Changedown 32 per cent on 2022 (USD 138m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 5,558 a tonne, 16,839 tonnes
    USD 94min 2024
  25. 25

    Chocolate & other food preparations containing cocoa: in blocks, slabs or bars weighing more than 2kg or in liquid, paste, powder, granular or other bulk form in...HS 180620

    Share of Poland's imports16 per cent, 39 source countries
    Changeup 80 per cent on 2022 (USD 51m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 7,068 a tonne, 12,929 tonnes
    USD 91min 2024
  26. 26

    Machinery: parts of machinery of heading no. 8422HS 842290

    Share of Poland's imports31 per cent, 67 source countries
    Changedown 8 per cent on 2022 (USD 97m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 30,493 a tonne, 2,922 tonnes
    USD 89min 2024
  27. 27

    Food preparations: n.e.c. in item no. 2106.10HS 210690

    Share of Poland's imports9 per cent, 95 source countries
    Changeup 50 per cent on 2022 (USD 59m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 7,394 a tonne, 11,981 tonnes
    USD 89min 2024
  28. 28

    Steel, stainless: tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, welded, of circular cross-section, n.e.c. in chapter 73HS 730640

    Share of Poland's imports44 per cent, 48 source countries
    Changedown 27 per cent on 2022 (USD 120m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 3,114 a tonne, 28,239 tonnes
    USD 88min 2024
  29. 29

    Iron or non-alloy steel (excluding cast iron): tubes and pipes (not seamless), welded, of circular cross-section, n.e.c. in chapter 73HS 730630

    Share of Poland's imports28 per cent, 48 source countries
    Changedown 21 per cent on 2022 (USD 109m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1,324 a tonne, 65,166 tonnes
    USD 86min 2024
  30. 30

    Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): tubes, pipes and hollow profiles (not seamless), welded, of square or rectangular cross-section, n.e.c. in chapter 73HS 730661

    Share of Poland's imports33 per cent, 38 source countries
    Changedown 36 per cent on 2022 (USD 135m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1,282 a tonne, 67,066 tonnes
    USD 86min 2024
  31. 31

    Seats: parts, (of other than wood) for use in the assembly of motor vehicles as determined by the ministerHS 940199

    Share of Poland's imports7 per cent, 68 source countries
    Changeup 54 per cent on 2022 (USD 52m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 7,451 a tonne, 10,837 tonnes
    USD 81min 2024
  32. 32

    Perfumes and toilet watersHS 330300

    Share of Poland's imports8 per cent, 90 source countries
    Changeup 100 per cent on 2022 (USD 37m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 38,695 a tonne, 1,938 tonnes
    USD 75min 2024
  33. 33

    Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston engine, cylinder capacity over 3000ccHS 870324

    Share of Poland's imports10 per cent, 36 source countries
    Changeup 27 per cent on 2022 (USD 59m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 140,917 a tonne, 529 tonnes
    USD 75min 2024
  34. 34

    Iron or steel: threaded screws and bolts n.e.c. in item no. 7318.1, whether or not with their nuts or washersHS 731815

    Share of Poland's imports13 per cent, 110 source countries
    Changeup 23 per cent on 2022 (USD 61m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 4,731 a tonne, 15,751 tonnes
    USD 75min 2024
  35. 35

    Footwear: (other than sportswear), with outer soles of rubber or plastics and uppers of textile materialsHS 640419

    Share of Poland's imports5 per cent, 103 source countries
    Changeup 7 per cent on 2022 (USD 64m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 47,871 a tonne, 1,427 tonnes
    USD 68min 2024
  36. 36

    Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), cylinder capacity over 1500 but not over 2500ccHS 870332

    Share of Poland's imports3 per cent, 51 source countries
    Changeup 2 per cent on 2022 (USD 66m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 11,702 a tonne, 5,772 tonnes
    USD 68min 2024
  37. 37

    Wine: still, in containers holding 2 litres or lessHS 220421

    Share of Poland's imports19 per cent, 61 source countries
    Changeup 19 per cent on 2022 (USD 55m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 3,422 a tonne, 19,058 tonnes
    USD 65min 2024
  38. 38

    Insulated electric conductors: for a voltage not exceeding 1000 volts, not fitted with connectorsHS 854449

    Share of Poland's imports8 per cent, 78 source countries
    Changedown 24 per cent on 2022 (USD 83m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 9,149 a tonne, 6,869 tonnes
    USD 63min 2024
  39. 39

    Electro-thermic appliances: coffee or tea makers, of a kind used for domestic purposesHS 851671

    Share of Poland's imports14 per cent, 75 source countries
    Changeup 26 per cent on 2022 (USD 50m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 23,845 a tonne, 2,628 tonnes
    USD 63min 2024
  40. 40

    Propylene, other olefin polymers: polypropylene in primary formsHS 390210

    Share of Poland's imports7 per cent, 53 source countries
    Changedown 22 per cent on 2022 (USD 79m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1,654 a tonne, 37,283 tonnes
    USD 62min 2024
  41. 41

    Aircraft and spacecraft: parts of aeroplanes, helicopters or unmanned aircraft n.e.c. in heading no. 8807HS 880730

    Share of Poland's imports16 per cent, 62 source countries
    Changedown 56 per cent on 2022 (USD 135m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1.3m a tonne, 47 tonnes
    USD 60min 2024
  42. 42

    Ovens, cookers, cooking plates, boiling rings, grillers and roasters: of a kind used for domestic purposes (excluding microwaves)HS 851660

    Share of Poland's imports14 per cent, 61 source countries
    Changeup 1 per cent on 2022 (USD 59m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 8,543 a tonne, 6,979 tonnes
    USD 60min 2024
  43. 43

    Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston engine, cylinder capacity over 1500 but not over 3000ccHS 870323

    Share of Poland's imports2 per cent, 53 source countries
    Changeup 32 per cent on 2022 (USD 45m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 13,124 a tonne, 4,488 tonnes
    USD 59min 2024
  44. 44

    Wine: sparklingHS 220410

    Share of Poland's imports59 per cent, 40 source countries
    Changeup 13 per cent on 2022 (USD 51m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 4,206 a tonne, 13,730 tonnes
    USD 58min 2024
  45. 45

    Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar: for household or sanitary use, cellulose, wadding webs of cellulose fibres, in rolls exceeding 36cm in width or rectangular...HS 480300

    Share of Poland's imports20 per cent, 53 source countries
    Changeup 13 per cent on 2022 (USD 51m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1,331 a tonne, 43,378 tonnes
    USD 58min 2024
  46. 46

    Medicaments: containing corticosteroid hormones, their derivatives or structural analogues (but not containing antibiotics), for therapeutic or prophylactic uses...HS 300432

    Share of Poland's imports26 per cent, 32 source countries
    Changeup 50 per cent on 2022 (USD 38m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 597,457 a tonne, 96 tonnes
    USD 58min 2024
  47. 47

    Cases and containers: handbags (whether or not with shoulder strap and including those without handle), with outer surface of sheeting of plastics or of textile materialsHS 420222

    Share of Poland's imports17 per cent, 95 source countries
    Changeup 20 per cent on 2022 (USD 47m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 59,867 a tonne, 950 tonnes
    USD 57min 2024
  48. 48

    Engines: parts, suitable for use solely or principally with spark-ignition internal combustion piston engines (for other than aircraft)HS 840991

    Share of Poland's imports4 per cent, 91 source countries
    Changedown 54 per cent on 2022 (USD 121m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 42,095 a tonne, 1,328 tonnes
    USD 56min 2024
  49. 49

    Chocolate and other food preparations containing cocoa: n.e.c. in chapter 18HS 180690

    Share of Poland's imports11 per cent, 85 source countries
    Changeup 60 per cent on 2022 (USD 34m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 8,264 a tonne, 6,660 tonnes
    USD 55min 2024
  50. 50

    Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on motor cars (including station wagons and racing cars)HS 401110

    Share of Poland's imports4 per cent, 55 source countries
    Changeup 77 per cent on 2022 (USD 31m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 7,584 a tonne, 7,221 tonnes
    USD 55min 2024
Fastest growing

The lines that grew most since 2022.

Lines worth at least USD 5m in 2022, ranked by growth to 2024 in current dollars. A fast rise can be a new product, a shift away from another source, or a price change; the record does not say which.

  1. Engines: compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87HS 840820USD 151m in 2024, from USD 13m in 2022. Italy supplies 12 per cent of the line.
  2. Machinery: n.e.c. in heading no. 8441, for making up paper pulp, paper or paperboardHS 844180USD 34m in 2024, up 487 per cent on 2022 (USD 6m in 2022). Italy supplies 51 per cent of the line.
  3. Engines: reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity exceeding 1000ccHS 840734USD 105m in 2024, up 285 per cent on 2022 (USD 27m in 2022). Italy supplies 27 per cent of the line.
  4. Insulated electric conductors: ignition wiring sets and other wiring sets of a kind used in vehicles, aircraft or shipsHS 854430USD 139m in 2024, up 245 per cent on 2022 (USD 40m in 2022). Italy supplies 16 per cent of the line.
  5. Machine-tools: for working wood, cork, bone, hard rubber, hard plastics or similar hard materials: machining centresHS 846520USD 17m in 2024, up 212 per cent on 2022 (USD 6m in 2022). Italy supplies 49 per cent of the line.
  6. Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or checking the flow or level of liquidsHS 902610USD 16m in 2024, up 197 per cent on 2022 (USD 5m in 2022). Italy supplies 13 per cent of the line.
  7. Vaccines, toxins, cultures of micro-organisms (excluding yeasts) and similar products: for human medicineHS 300241USD 488m in 2024, up 168 per cent on 2022 (USD 182m in 2022). Italy supplies 43 per cent of the line.
  8. Medicaments: containing hormones (but not insulin), adrenal cortex hormones or antibiotics, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail saleHS 300439USD 17m in 2024, up 158 per cent on 2022 (USD 7m in 2022). Italy supplies 3 per cent of the line.
  9. Mechanical appliances: agricultural or horticultural, n.e.c. in heading 8424HS 842482USD 14m in 2024, up 157 per cent on 2022 (USD 5m in 2022). Italy supplies 39 per cent of the line.
  10. Vehicle parts: gear boxes and parts thereofHS 870840USD 203m in 2024, up 155 per cent on 2022 (USD 79m in 2022). Italy supplies 19 per cent of the line.
  11. Machinery: industrial, for bakery and for the manufacture of macaroni, spaghetti or similar productsHS 843810USD 26m in 2024, up 137 per cent on 2022 (USD 11m in 2022). Italy supplies 22 per cent of the line.
  12. Trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts: women's or girls', of synthetic fibres (not knitted or crocheted)HS 620463USD 22m in 2024, up 130 per cent on 2022 (USD 10m in 2022). Italy supplies 5 per cent of the line.
  13. Hats and other headgear: knitted or crocheted, or made up from lace, felt or other textile fabric, in the piece (but not in strips), whether or not lined or trimmed...HS 650500USD 12m in 2024, up 127 per cent on 2022 (USD 5m in 2022). Italy supplies 5 per cent of the line.
  14. Artificial parts of the bodyHS 902131USD 13m in 2024, up 123 per cent on 2022 (USD 6m in 2022). Italy supplies 11 per cent of the line.
  15. Textile fabrics: impregnated, coated, covered or laminated with plastics, (excluding polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane and those of heading no. 5902)HS 590390USD 14m in 2024, up 116 per cent on 2022 (USD 6m in 2022). Italy supplies 13 per cent of the line.
  16. Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, not in coilsHS 722540USD 22m in 2024, up 115 per cent on 2022 (USD 10m in 2022). Italy supplies 7 per cent of the line.
  17. Mountings, fittings and similar articles: for motor vehicles, of base metalHS 830230USD 16m in 2024, up 108 per cent on 2022 (USD 8m in 2022). Italy supplies 9 per cent of the line.
  18. Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, n.e.c. in heading no. 7214, of rectangular (other than square) cross-sectionHS 721491USD 16m in 2024, up 107 per cent on 2022 (USD 8m in 2022). Italy supplies 48 per cent of the line.
  19. T-shirts, singlets and other vests: of textile materials (other than cotton), knitted or crochetedHS 610990USD 30m in 2024, up 106 per cent on 2022 (USD 15m in 2022). Italy supplies 7 per cent of the line.
  20. Perfumes and toilet watersHS 330300USD 75m in 2024, up 100 per cent on 2022 (USD 37m in 2022). Italy supplies 8 per cent of the line.
Where Italy dominates

Lines where Italy supplies 60 per cent or more.

The largest lines worth USD 1m or more where Italy ships at least 60 per cent of what Poland imports. This is supply concentration: how much of the line depends on one source country.

  1. Vegetable preparations: tomatoes, whole or in pieces, prepared or preserved otherwise than by vinegar or acetic acidHS 20021064 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 37m; 29 source countries in all.
  2. Machines: for agglomerating, shaping or moulding solid mineral fuels, ceramic paste, unhardened cements, plastering materials in powder or paste form, machines for...HS 84748073 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 26m; 22 source countries in all.
  3. Casting machines: of a kind used in metallurgy or in metal foundriesHS 84543080 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 26m; 12 source countries in all.
  4. Fabrics, woven: of combed wool or combed fine animal hair, containing 85% or more by weight of wool or fine animal hair, of a weight not exceeding 200g/m2HS 51121183 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 13m; 26 source countries in all.
  5. Machine-tools: bending, folding, straightening or flattening machines (including press brakes) for flat products, for working metal, numerically controlledHS 84622279 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 12m; 18 source countries in all.
  6. Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, split or not, other...HS 41071989 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 11m; 20 source countries in all.
  7. Machine-tools: slitting lines and cut-to-length lines, for working metalHS 84623276 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 10m; 12 source countries in all.
  8. Juice: grape, of a Brix value exceeding 30, unfermented, not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matterHS 20096975 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 9m; 15 source countries in all.
  9. Stoppers: corks, of base metalHS 83091082 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 8m; 23 source countries in all.
  10. Machines: automatic goods-vending machines, (e.g. postage stamp, cigarette, food or money-changing machines, excluding beverage-vending machines), incorporating heating...HS 84768183 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 8m; 10 source countries in all.
  11. Machine-tools: bending, folding, straightening or flattening machines (including presses), for working metal, numerically controlled panel bendersHS 84622461 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 7m; 11 source countries in all.
  12. Machine-tools: hot forming machines, hot hammers, for working metalHS 84621960 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 6m; 15 source countries in all.
  13. Anti-oxidising preparations and other compound stabilisers: for rubber or plastics, mixtures of oligomers of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ)HS 38123164 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 6m; 15 source countries in all.
  14. Machines: automatic beverage-vending machines, incorporating heating or refrigerating devicesHS 84762171 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 6m; 16 source countries in all.
  15. Chain: articulated link parts, of iron or steelHS 73151962 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 6m; 44 source countries in all.
  16. Machine-tools: cold metal working presses, servo-pressesHS 84626370 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 5m; 8 source countries in all.
  17. Asbestos or mixtures with a basis of asbestos (other than crocidolite): clothing, clothing accessories, footwear and headgear, whether or not reinforced, not goods of...HS 68129192 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 4m; 12 source countries in all.
  18. Machine-tools: for honing or lappingHS 84604062 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 4m; 17 source countries in all.
  19. Textile machinery: n.e.c. in heading no. 8445, for preparing textile fibresHS 84451979 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 4m; 9 source countries in all.
  20. Silk: woven fabrics n.e.c. in heading no. 5007HS 50079084 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 2m; 24 source countries in all.
Another source, lower unit value

Where another country ships the same line for at least 20 per cent less a tonne.

Lines worth USD 5m or more where Italy's unit value is recorded and another country also ships at least USD 5m of the same line to Poland at a unit value at least 20 per cent lower. The largest such source is named. The same heading can hold different grades, so a lower figure is a question to ask, not a like-for-like price.

  1. Vaccines, toxins, cultures of micro-organisms (excluding yeasts) and similar products: for human medicineHS 300241Italy: USD 488m at USD 2.2m a tonne. Belgium: USD 470m (41 per cent of the line) at USD 903,005 a tonne, 58 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 825,548 a tonne.
  2. Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), for transport of goods, (of a gvw not exceeding 5 tonnes), n.e.c. in...HS 870421Italy: USD 302m at USD 11,487 a tonne. Spain: USD 34m (3 per cent of the line) at USD 8,817 a tonne, 23 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 10,560 a tonne.
  3. Vehicle parts and accessories: n.e.c. in heading no. 8708HS 870899Italy: USD 285m at USD 6,896 a tonne. Czech Republic: USD 209m (8 per cent of the line) at USD 4,741 a tonne, 31 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 11,942 a tonne.
  4. Plastics: other articles n.e.c. in chapter 39HS 392690Italy: USD 213m at USD 6,563 a tonne. Denmark: USD 30m (1 per cent of the line) at USD 3,239 a tonne, 51 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 10,731 a tonne.
  5. Vehicle parts: gear boxes and parts thereofHS 870840Italy: USD 203m at USD 20,601 a tonne. Germany: USD 537m (51 per cent of the line) at USD 15,552 a tonne, 25 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 20,194 a tonne.
  6. Vehicle parts: brakes, servo-brakes and parts thereofHS 870830Italy: USD 183m at USD 6,784 a tonne. China: USD 293m (18 per cent of the line) at USD 2,817 a tonne, 59 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 8,003 a tonne.
  7. Vehicles: parts and accessories, of bodies, other than safety seat beltsHS 870829Italy: USD 167m at USD 5,054 a tonne. Spain: USD 37m (2 per cent of the line) at USD 3,904 a tonne, 23 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 10,982 a tonne.
  8. Engines: compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87HS 840820Italy: USD 151m at USD 21,288 a tonne. Germany: USD 950m (76 per cent of the line) at USD 15,124 a tonne, 29 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 20,998 a tonne.
  9. Insulated electric conductors: ignition wiring sets and other wiring sets of a kind used in vehicles, aircraft or shipsHS 854430Italy: USD 139m at USD 29,406 a tonne. Ukraine: USD 139m (16 per cent of the line) at USD 23,138 a tonne, 21 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 47,001 a tonne.
  10. Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not electrolytically)HS 721049Italy: USD 131m at USD 951 a tonne. China: USD 28m (2 per cent of the line) at USD 733 a tonne, 23 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 956 a tonne.
  11. Iron or steel: articles n.e.c. in heading 7326HS 732690Italy: USD 127m at USD 6,248 a tonne. China: USD 217m (15 per cent of the line) at USD 3,494 a tonne, 44 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 6,835 a tonne.
  12. Machines and mechanical appliances: having individual functions, n.e.c. or included in this chapterHS 847989Italy: USD 118m at USD 29,241 a tonne. China: USD 129m (12 per cent of the line) at USD 9,033 a tonne, 69 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 29,251 a tonne.
  13. Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including thermostatically controlled valvesHS 848180Italy: USD 114m at USD 23,991 a tonne. China: USD 385m (28 per cent of the line) at USD 12,054 a tonne, 50 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 32,429 a tonne.
  14. Machinery: for packing or wrappingHS 842240Italy: USD 108m at USD 50,600 a tonne. Netherlands: USD 11m (4 per cent of the line) at USD 38,484 a tonne, 24 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 42,401 a tonne.
  15. Footwear: n.e.c. in heading no. 6403, (not covering the ankle), outer soles of rubber, plastics or composition leather, uppers of leatherHS 640399Italy: USD 106m at USD 65,395 a tonne. China: USD 267m (14 per cent of the line) at USD 35,431 a tonne, 46 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 56,208 a tonne.
  16. Engines: reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity exceeding 1000ccHS 840734Italy: USD 105m at USD 16,220 a tonne. United Kingdom: USD 7m (2 per cent of the line) at USD 6,992 a tonne, 57 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 17,848 a tonne.
  17. Cosmetic and toilet preparations: n.e.c. in heading no. 3304, for the care of the skin (excluding medicaments, including sunscreen or sun tan preparations)HS 330499Italy: USD 99m at USD 25,879 a tonne. Germany: USD 211m (16 per cent of the line) at USD 13,103 a tonne, 49 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 30,400 a tonne.
  18. Food preparations: bakers' wares n.e.c. in heading no. 1605, whether or not containing cocoa: communion wafers, empty cachets suitable for pharmaceutical use, sealing...HS 190590Italy: USD 99m at USD 4,846 a tonne. Germany: USD 221m (32 per cent of the line) at USD 2,756 a tonne, 43 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 3,503 a tonne.
  19. Plastics: plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, other than cellularHS 392190Italy: USD 97m at USD 5,209 a tonne. China: USD 56m (8 per cent of the line) at USD 2,795 a tonne, 46 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 5,021 a tonne.
  20. Chocolate & other food preparations containing cocoa: in blocks, slabs or bars weighing more than 2kg or in liquid, paste, powder, granular or other bulk form in...HS 180620Italy: USD 91m at USD 7,068 a tonne. Germany: USD 135m (24 per cent of the line) at USD 5,014 a tonne, 29 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 4,895 a tonne.
What this record says

What crossed the border, what it was worth, and what it weighed.

Every figure on this page is from CEPII's BACI file, which reconciles what each pair of countries reports to the UN about the same shipment. Trade year 2024, compared with 2022. A line is one six-digit customs heading (HS 2022). Values are in US dollars at the border; growth is in current dollars, so part of any change is price, not volume.

Unit value. Unit values are customs values per tonne, declared at the border, not product prices. It is the value of a line divided by its declared weight, so it mixes grades, models and qualities under one heading. It is shown only where the weight is recorded, at least three source countries of USD 100k or more ship the line to Poland with a weight, and the figure sits within a factor of five of the middle of those sources. Outside that band it is treated as a recording problem and left out.

Share is Italy's part of everything Poland imported in that line, from every source. Sources counts the countries that shipped any of it.

Scope. Manufactured and processed goods, customs chapters 16 to 96, without ores, fuels, precious metals, scrap, raw farm output and one-off capital and defence purchases: the same rule as the Made here pages.

What it does not say

A record of trade, not a shopping list.

What this record does not say: what sells at retail, what margin a trade leaves, how crowded the marketplaces are, or how much of a flow is re-exported through entrepots such as Hong Kong and Singapore.

A large line is not proof of an opening, and a lower unit value from another country is not proof the goods are the same. Tariffs, standards, freight, payment terms, lead times and the plain fact that a supplier is good at it are all invisible here. Nothing on this page is a forecast, a recommendation or a promise. No supplier company is named, because the record holds none.

Source: CEPII BACI, HS22, version 202601. Edition of 2026-11-03.

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