Trade lane

What China buys from the Netherlands.

China imported USD 19bn of manufactured and processed goods from the Netherlands in 2024, up 56 per cent on 2022. That is 2 per cent of everything China imported in these lines, and the Netherlands is its number 10 source. Below: the 50 largest lines, the fastest growing, where the Netherlands dominates, and where another country ships the same line for less a tonne.

Trade year 2024, compared with 2022. Unit values are customs values per tonne, declared at the border, not product prices.

USD 19bnfrom the Netherlands in 2024 (USD 12bn in 2022)
2 per centof China's imports in these lines, USD 986bn from every source
591product lines worth USD 1m or more on this lane
#10the Netherlands's rank among China's sources
The top 50

The largest lines on the lane, by 2024 value.

Each line shows what China paid the Netherlands for it at the border, the Netherlands's share of everything China imported in that line, how it changed since 2022, and the customs unit value per tonne where the weight is recorded. Together they are 82 per cent of the lane.

  1. 1

    Machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or of electronic integrated circuitsHS 848620

    Share of China's imports29 per cent, 33 source countries
    Changeup 297 per cent on 2022 (USD 2.4bn in 2022)
    Unit valuenot shown: weight missing or out of range
    USD 9.6bnin 2024
  2. 2

    Food preparations: of flour, meal, starch, malt extract or milk products, suitable for infants or young children, put up for retail saleHS 190110

    Share of China's imports40 per cent, 41 source countries
    Changedown 34 per cent on 2022 (USD 2.1bn in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 17,876 a tonne, 77,735 tonnes
    USD 1.4bnin 2024
  3. 3

    Microscopes (excluding optical microscopes): diffraction apparatusHS 901210

    Share of China's imports22 per cent, 28 source countries
    Changeup 88 per cent on 2022 (USD 174m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 737,754 a tonne, 444 tonnes
    USD 328min 2024
  4. 4

    Machines and apparatus of heading 8486: parts and accessoriesHS 848690

    Share of China's imports6 per cent, 57 source countries
    Changeup 113 per cent on 2022 (USD 129m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1.2m a tonne, 220 tonnes
    USD 274min 2024
  5. 5

    Medicaments: containing hormones (but not insulin), adrenal cortex hormones or antibiotics, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail saleHS 300439

    Share of China's imports9 per cent, 37 source countries
    Changedown 5 per cent on 2022 (USD 228m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 2.2m a tonne, 101 tonnes
    USD 218min 2024
  6. 6

    Food preparations: n.e.c. in item no. 2106.10HS 210690

    Share of China's imports5 per cent, 106 source countries
    Changeup 16 per cent on 2022 (USD 185m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 25,266 a tonne, 8,458 tonnes
    USD 214min 2024
  7. 7

    Apparatus based on the use of x-rays: including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus, for medical, surgical or veterinary uses, not dental uses, excluding computed...HS 902214

    Share of China's imports46 per cent, 22 source countries
    Changedown 34 per cent on 2022 (USD 269m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 144,916 a tonne, 1,229 tonnes
    USD 178min 2024
  8. 8

    Dental fittings: other than artificial teethHS 902129

    Share of China's imports18 per cent, 31 source countries
    Changeup 107 per cent on 2022 (USD 79m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 3.6m a tonne, 46 tonnes
    USD 164min 2024
  9. 9

    Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or...HS 854231

    Share of China's importsunder 1 per cent, 90 source countries
    Changedown 42 per cent on 2022 (USD 277m in 2022)
    Unit valuenot shown: weight missing or out of range
    USD 161min 2024
  10. 10

    Turbines: parts of turbo-jets and turbo-propellersHS 841191

    Share of China's imports5 per cent, 52 source countries
    Changeup 122 per cent on 2022 (USD 70m in 2022)
    Unit valuenot shown: weight missing or out of range
    USD 157min 2024
  11. 11

    Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail saleHS 300490

    Share of China's imports1 per cent, 66 source countries
    Changedown 25 per cent on 2022 (USD 198m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 50,174 a tonne, 2,954 tonnes
    USD 148min 2024
  12. 12

    Artificial parts of the body: excluding artificial jointsHS 902139

    Share of China's imports13 per cent, 42 source countries
    Changeup 75 per cent on 2022 (USD 83m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1.2m a tonne, 119 tonnes
    USD 145min 2024
  13. 13

    Wood pulp: chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, (other than dissolving grades), semi-bleached or bleached, of coniferous woodHS 470321

    Share of China's imports2 per cent, 26 source countries
    Changeup 21 per cent on 2022 (USD 113m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 693 a tonne, 197,055 tonnes
    USD 137min 2024
  14. 14

    Polyamides: n.e.c. in heading no. 3908, in primary formsHS 390890

    Share of China's imports18 per cent, 52 source countries
    Changeup 213 per cent on 2022 (USD 42m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 10,931 a tonne, 11,933 tonnes
    USD 130min 2024
  15. 15

    Pumps and compressors: for air, vacuum or gas, n.e.c. in heading no. 8414HS 841480

    Share of China's imports8 per cent, 77 source countries
    Changefrom USD 8m in 2022
    Unit valueUSD 27,464 a tonne, 4,453 tonnes
    USD 122min 2024
  16. 16

    Boards, panels, consoles, desks and other bases: for electric control or the distribution of electricity, (other than switching apparatus of heading no. 8517), for a...HS 853710

    Share of China's imports3 per cent, 111 source countries
    Changeup 101 per cent on 2022 (USD 53m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 109,548 a tonne, 969 tonnes
    USD 106min 2024
  17. 17

    Beer: made from maltHS 220300

    Share of China's imports18 per cent, 70 source countries
    Changeup 41 per cent on 2022 (USD 65m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1,463 a tonne, 62,519 tonnes
    USD 91min 2024
  18. 18

    Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: catheters, cannulae and the likeHS 901839

    Share of China's imports4 per cent, 64 source countries
    Changedown 49 per cent on 2022 (USD 176m in 2022)
    Unit valuenot shown: weight missing or out of range
    USD 89min 2024
  19. 19

    Machines and mechanical appliances: having individual functions, n.e.c. or included in this chapterHS 847989

    Share of China's imports2 per cent, 79 source countries
    Changelevel with 2022 (USD 83m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 87,268 a tonne, 946 tonnes
    USD 83min 2024
  20. 20

    Caseinates and other casein derivatives: casein gluesHS 350190

    Share of China's imports25 per cent, 19 source countries
    Changeup 72 per cent on 2022 (USD 47m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 9,766 a tonne, 8,320 tonnes
    USD 81min 2024
  21. 21

    Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: magnetic resonance imaging apparatusHS 901813

    Share of China's imports20 per cent, 31 source countries
    Changedown 51 per cent on 2022 (USD 157m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 169,192 a tonne, 455 tonnes
    USD 77min 2024
  22. 22

    Ethylene polymers: in primary forms, ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymers, having a specific gravity of less than 0.94HS 390140

    Share of China's imports1 per cent, 53 source countries
    Changeup 4 per cent on 2022 (USD 65m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1,426 a tonne, 47,512 tonnes
    USD 68min 2024
  23. 23

    Engines: parts for internal combustion piston engines (excluding spark-ignition)HS 840999

    Share of China's imports5 per cent, 100 source countries
    Changeup 79 per cent on 2022 (USD 38m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 70,472 a tonne, 957 tonnes
    USD 67min 2024
  24. 24

    Cosmetic and toilet preparations: n.e.c. in heading no. 3304, for the care of the skin (excluding medicaments, including sunscreen or sun tan preparations)HS 330499

    Share of China's imports1 per cent, 105 source countries
    Changedown 1 per cent on 2022 (USD 65m in 2022)
    Unit valuenot shown: weight missing or out of range
    USD 64min 2024
  25. 25

    Optical media: recorded, excluding products of Chapter 37HS 852349

    Share of China's imports4 per cent, 59 source countries
    Changeup 142 per cent on 2022 (USD 26m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 8.8m a tonne, 7.0 tonnes
    USD 62min 2024
  26. 26

    X-ray tubesHS 902230

    Share of China's imports11 per cent, 32 source countries
    Changefrom USD 2m in 2022
    Unit valueUSD 1.6m a tonne, 38 tonnes
    USD 62min 2024
  27. 27

    Polyacetals: in primary formsHS 390710

    Share of China's imports7 per cent, 46 source countries
    Changeup 2 per cent on 2022 (USD 53m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 3,355 a tonne, 16,129 tonnes
    USD 54min 2024
  28. 28

    Medicaments: containing vitamins or their derivatives, for therapeutic or prophylactic use, packaged for retail saleHS 300450

    Share of China's imports23 per cent, 30 source countries
    Changeup 63 per cent on 2022 (USD 33m in 2022)
    Unit valuenot shown: weight missing or out of range
    USD 53min 2024
  29. 29

    Medical, surgical or dental instruments and appliances: n.e.c. in heading no. 9018HS 901890

    Share of China's imports1 per cent, 80 source countries
    Changeup 25 per cent on 2022 (USD 43m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1.0m a tonne, 51 tonnes
    USD 53min 2024
  30. 30

    Instruments and apparatus: for physical or chemical analysis, for measuring or checking viscosity, porosity, expansion, surface tension or quantities of heat, sound or...HS 902789

    Share of China's imports4 per cent, 63 source countries
    Changeup 19 per cent on 2022 (USD 44m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 794,441 a tonne, 65 tonnes
    USD 52min 2024
  31. 31

    Instruments, appliances and machines: for measuring or checking n.e.c. in chapter 90HS 903180

    Share of China's imports1 per cent, 96 source countries
    Changedown 18 per cent on 2022 (USD 60m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 501,897 a tonne, 98 tonnes
    USD 49min 2024
  32. 32

    Polycarbonates: in primary formsHS 390740

    Share of China's imports3 per cent, 60 source countries
    Changedown 66 per cent on 2022 (USD 144m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 5,128 a tonne, 9,536 tonnes
    USD 49min 2024
  33. 33

    Chemical products, mixtures and preparations: n.e.c. heading 3824HS 382499

    Share of China's imports1 per cent, 101 source countries
    Changeup 11 per cent on 2022 (USD 44m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 7,129 a tonne, 6,747 tonnes
    USD 48min 2024
  34. 34

    Tractors: road tractors for semi-trailers, with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel)HS 870121

    Share of China's imports59 per cent, 10 source countries
    Changeup 329 per cent on 2022 (USD 11m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 7,989 a tonne, 5,991 tonnes
    USD 48min 2024
  35. 35

    Apparatus based on use of x-rays and similar: parts and accessories (x-ray generators, tubes, high tension generators, control panels and desks, screens, examination or...HS 902290

    Share of China's imports5 per cent, 59 source countries
    Changeup 80 per cent on 2022 (USD 26m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 82,690 a tonne, 575 tonnes
    USD 48min 2024
  36. 36

    Pacemakers: for stimulating heart muscles (excluding parts and accessories)HS 902150

    Share of China's imports9 per cent, 13 source countries
    Changeup 118 per cent on 2022 (USD 21m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 4.5m a tonne, 10 tonnes
    USD 45min 2024
  37. 37

    Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542HS 854239

    Share of China's importsunder 1 per cent, 109 source countries
    Changedown 31 per cent on 2022 (USD 66m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 4.6m a tonne, 9.8 tonnes
    USD 45min 2024
  38. 38

    Yarn, synthetic: filament, monofilament (less than 67 decitex), of high tenacity yarn of nylon or other polyamides, textured or not: of aramids, not for retail sale...HS 540211

    Share of China's imports42 per cent, 23 source countries
    Changedown 24 per cent on 2022 (USD 60m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 17,645 a tonne, 2,556 tonnes
    USD 45min 2024
  39. 39

    Vaccines, toxins, cultures of micro-organisms (excluding yeasts) and similar products: for veterinary medicineHS 300242

    Share of China's imports22 per cent, 17 source countries
    Changeup 25 per cent on 2022 (USD 35m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 250,430 a tonne, 177 tonnes
    USD 44min 2024
  40. 40

    Shavers and hair clippers: parts of those with self-contained electric motorHS 851090

    Share of China's imports26 per cent, 28 source countries
    Changeup 45 per cent on 2022 (USD 29m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 385,201 a tonne, 111 tonnes
    USD 43min 2024
  41. 41

    Machinery: parts of the machines of heading no. 8477, n.e.c. in item no. 8477.90HS 847790

    Share of China's imports9 per cent, 75 source countries
    Changeup 258 per cent on 2022 (USD 12m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 59,530 a tonne, 710 tonnes
    USD 42min 2024
  42. 42

    Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including thermostatically controlled valvesHS 848180

    Share of China's imports1 per cent, 101 source countries
    Changeup 45 per cent on 2022 (USD 29m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 90,862 a tonne, 458 tonnes
    USD 42min 2024
  43. 43

    Polyesters: n.e.c. in heading no. 3907, saturated, in primary formsHS 390799

    Share of China's imports3 per cent, 55 source countries
    Changeup 16 per cent on 2022 (USD 35m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 6,250 a tonne, 6,547 tonnes
    USD 41min 2024
  44. 44

    Propylene, other olefin polymers: propylene copolymers in primary formsHS 390230

    Share of China's imports3 per cent, 59 source countries
    Changedown 12 per cent on 2022 (USD 45m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 2,203 a tonne, 18,157 tonnes
    USD 40min 2024
  45. 45

    Dog or cat food: (not put up for retail sale), used in animal feedingHS 230990

    Share of China's imports6 per cent, 50 source countries
    Changedown 72 per cent on 2022 (USD 137m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1,674 a tonne, 23,215 tonnes
    USD 39min 2024
  46. 46

    Instruments and apparatus: for measuring or checking the flow or level of liquidsHS 902610

    Share of China's imports7 per cent, 79 source countries
    Changeup 14 per cent on 2022 (USD 34m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 162,317 a tonne, 238 tonnes
    USD 39min 2024
  47. 47

    Air conditioning machines: with motor driven fan and elements for temperature control, parts thereofHS 841590

    Share of China's imports12 per cent, 70 source countries
    Changeup 74 per cent on 2022 (USD 22m in 2022)
    Unit valuenot shown: weight missing or out of range
    USD 38min 2024
  48. 48

    Machinery: industrial, for the preparation of meat or poultryHS 843850

    Share of China's imports48 per cent, 33 source countries
    Changeup 2 per cent on 2022 (USD 36m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 63,719 a tonne, 573 tonnes
    USD 37min 2024
  49. 49

    Acyclic hydrocarbons: unsaturated, buta-1,3-diene and isopreneHS 290124

    Share of China's imports5 per cent, 16 source countries
    Changefrom USD 4m in 2022
    Unit valueUSD 1,461 a tonne, 23,485 tonnes
    USD 34min 2024
  50. 50

    Acrylic polymers: (other than polymethyl methacrylate), in primary formsHS 390690

    Share of China's imports2 per cent, 60 source countries
    Changedown 14 per cent on 2022 (USD 40m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 3,443 a tonne, 9,822 tonnes
    USD 34min 2024
Fastest growing

The lines that grew most since 2022.

Lines worth at least USD 5m in 2022, ranked by growth to 2024 in current dollars. A fast rise can be a new product, a shift away from another source, or a price change; the record does not say which.

  1. Pumps and compressors: for air, vacuum or gas, n.e.c. in heading no. 8414HS 841480USD 122m in 2024, from USD 8m in 2022. The Netherlands supplies 8 per cent of the line.
  2. Tractors: road tractors for semi-trailers, with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel)HS 870121USD 48m in 2024, up 329 per cent on 2022 (USD 11m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 59 per cent of the line.
  3. Machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or of electronic integrated circuitsHS 848620USD 9.6bn in 2024, up 297 per cent on 2022 (USD 2.4bn in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 29 per cent of the line.
  4. Machinery: parts of the machines of heading no. 8477, n.e.c. in item no. 8477.90HS 847790USD 42m in 2024, up 258 per cent on 2022 (USD 12m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 9 per cent of the line.
  5. Polyamides: n.e.c. in heading no. 3908, in primary formsHS 390890USD 130m in 2024, up 213 per cent on 2022 (USD 42m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 18 per cent of the line.
  6. Dental instruments and appliances: other than dental drill enginesHS 901849USD 22m in 2024, up 201 per cent on 2022 (USD 7m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 10 per cent of the line.
  7. Shavers: with self-contained electric motorHS 851010USD 27m in 2024, up 191 per cent on 2022 (USD 9m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 40 per cent of the line.
  8. Pharmaceutical goods: chemical contraceptive preparations based on hormones, on other products of heading 2937 or on spermicidesHS 300660USD 19m in 2024, up 188 per cent on 2022 (USD 6m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 9 per cent of the line.
  9. Electric motors and generators: parts suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of heading no. 8501 or 8502HS 850300USD 25m in 2024, up 166 per cent on 2022 (USD 9m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 3 per cent of the line.
  10. Machines: for mixing, kneading, crushing, grinding, screening, sifting, homogenising, emulsifying or stirringHS 847982USD 15m in 2024, up 164 per cent on 2022 (USD 6m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 4 per cent of the line.
  11. Optical media: recorded, excluding products of Chapter 37HS 852349USD 62m in 2024, up 142 per cent on 2022 (USD 26m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 4 per cent of the line.
  12. Catalysts, supported: reaction initiators, reaction accelerators and catalytic preparations, with nickel or nickel compounds as the active substance, n.e.c. or includedHS 381511USD 12m in 2024, up 128 per cent on 2022 (USD 5m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 9 per cent of the line.
  13. Turbines: parts of turbo-jets and turbo-propellersHS 841191USD 157m in 2024, up 122 per cent on 2022 (USD 70m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 5 per cent of the line.
  14. Pacemakers: for stimulating heart muscles (excluding parts and accessories)HS 902150USD 45m in 2024, up 118 per cent on 2022 (USD 21m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 9 per cent of the line.
  15. Organic surface-active agents: non-ionic (other than soap), whether or not put up for retail saleHS 340242USD 11m in 2024, up 115 per cent on 2022 (USD 5m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 3 per cent of the line.
  16. Machines and apparatus of heading 8486: parts and accessoriesHS 848690USD 274m in 2024, up 113 per cent on 2022 (USD 129m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 6 per cent of the line.
  17. Gears and gearing: (not toothed wheels, chain sprockets and other transmission elements presented separately): ball or roller screws: gear boxes and other speed...HS 848340USD 20m in 2024, up 110 per cent on 2022 (USD 9m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 1 per cent of the line.
  18. Dental fittings: other than artificial teethHS 902129USD 164m in 2024, up 107 per cent on 2022 (USD 79m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 18 per cent of the line.
  19. Boards, panels, consoles, desks and other bases: for electric control or the distribution of electricity, (other than switching apparatus of heading no. 8517), for a...HS 853710USD 106m in 2024, up 101 per cent on 2022 (USD 53m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 3 per cent of the line.
  20. Optical instruments and appliances: for measuring or checking, n.e.c. in chapter 90HS 903149USD 25m in 2024, up 97 per cent on 2022 (USD 13m in 2022). The Netherlands supplies 1 per cent of the line.
Where the Netherlands dominates

Lines where the Netherlands supplies 60 per cent or more.

The largest lines worth USD 1m or more where the Netherlands ships at least 60 per cent of what China imports. This is supply concentration: how much of the line depends on one source country.

  1. Dyes: carotenoid colouring matters and preparations based thereonHS 32041864 per cent of China's imports of the line, USD 24m; 16 source countries in all.
  2. Negligees, bathrobes, dressing gowns and similar articles: women's or girls', of man-made fibres, knitted or crochetedHS 61089265 per cent of China's imports of the line, USD 13m; 47 source countries in all.
  3. Quinones: anthraquinoneHS 29146176 per cent of China's imports of the line, USD 6m; 6 source countries in all.
  4. Photographic paper, paperboard and textiles: in rolls, sensitised, unexposed, of a width exceeding 610mmHS 37031099 per cent of China's imports of the line, USD 4m; 8 source countries in all.
  5. Fish preparations: salmon, prepared or preserved, whole or in pieces (but not minced)HS 16041174 per cent of China's imports of the line, USD 3m; 11 source countries in all.
  6. Radiators and parts thereof: for central heating, (not electrically heated), of cast ironHS 73221175 per cent of China's imports of the line, USD 2m; 13 source countries in all.
  7. Linoleum, whether or not cut to shapeHS 59041064 per cent of China's imports of the line, USD 2m; 10 source countries in all.
  8. Spreaders and distributors: for manure and fertilizers, for agricultural, horticultural or forestry use: manure spreadersHS 84324160 per cent of China's imports of the line, USD 1m; 7 source countries in all.
Another source, lower unit value

Where another country ships the same line for at least 20 per cent less a tonne.

Lines worth USD 5m or more where the Netherlands's unit value is recorded and another country also ships at least USD 5m of the same line to China at a unit value at least 20 per cent lower. The largest such source is named. The same heading can hold different grades, so a lower figure is a question to ask, not a like-for-like price.

  1. Food preparations: of flour, meal, starch, malt extract or milk products, suitable for infants or young children, put up for retail saleHS 190110The Netherlands: USD 1.4bn at USD 17,876 a tonne. France: USD 190m (5 per cent of the line) at USD 9,520 a tonne, 47 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 14,010 a tonne.
  2. Microscopes (excluding optical microscopes): diffraction apparatusHS 901210The Netherlands: USD 328m at USD 737,754 a tonne. Japan: USD 390m (26 per cent of the line) at USD 382,308 a tonne, 48 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 403,864 a tonne.
  3. Machines and apparatus of heading 8486: parts and accessoriesHS 848690The Netherlands: USD 274m at USD 1.2m a tonne. Japan: USD 1.4bn (29 per cent of the line) at USD 341,285 a tonne, 73 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 358,238 a tonne.
  4. Medicaments: containing hormones (but not insulin), adrenal cortex hormones or antibiotics, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail saleHS 300439The Netherlands: USD 218m at USD 2.2m a tonne. Denmark: USD 996m (42 per cent of the line) at USD 1.1m a tonne, 49 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 591,941 a tonne.
  5. Food preparations: n.e.c. in item no. 2106.10HS 210690The Netherlands: USD 214m at USD 25,266 a tonne. Germany: USD 364m (9 per cent of the line) at USD 19,472 a tonne, 23 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 27,472 a tonne.
  6. Apparatus based on the use of x-rays: including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus, for medical, surgical or veterinary uses, not dental uses, excluding computed...HS 902214The Netherlands: USD 178m at USD 144,916 a tonne. France: USD 10m (3 per cent of the line) at USD 78,399 a tonne, 46 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 119,235 a tonne.
  7. Dental fittings: other than artificial teethHS 902129The Netherlands: USD 164m at USD 3.6m a tonne. South Korea: USD 335m (37 per cent of the line) at USD 760,557 a tonne, 79 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 959,389 a tonne.
  8. Artificial parts of the body: excluding artificial jointsHS 902139The Netherlands: USD 145m at USD 1.2m a tonne. Belgium: USD 95m (8 per cent of the line) at USD 948,284 a tonne, 22 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 925,314 a tonne.
  9. Polyamides: n.e.c. in heading no. 3908, in primary formsHS 390890The Netherlands: USD 130m at USD 10,931 a tonne. United States: USD 169m (24 per cent of the line) at USD 8,334 a tonne, 24 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 6,513 a tonne.
  10. Pumps and compressors: for air, vacuum or gas, n.e.c. in heading no. 8414HS 841480The Netherlands: USD 122m at USD 27,464 a tonne. Indonesia: USD 25m (2 per cent of the line) at USD 8,972 a tonne, 67 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 30,525 a tonne.
  11. Boards, panels, consoles, desks and other bases: for electric control or the distribution of electricity, (other than switching apparatus of heading no. 8517), for a...HS 853710The Netherlands: USD 106m at USD 109,548 a tonne. Japan: USD 724m (17 per cent of the line) at USD 68,478 a tonne, 38 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 109,699 a tonne.
  12. Beer: made from maltHS 220300The Netherlands: USD 91m at USD 1,463 a tonne. Germany: USD 100m (20 per cent of the line) at USD 743 a tonne, 49 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 1,241 a tonne.
  13. Machines and mechanical appliances: having individual functions, n.e.c. or included in this chapterHS 847989The Netherlands: USD 83m at USD 87,268 a tonne. Japan: USD 1.5bn (30 per cent of the line) at USD 38,564 a tonne, 56 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 46,361 a tonne.
  14. Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: magnetic resonance imaging apparatusHS 901813The Netherlands: USD 77m at USD 169,192 a tonne. Germany: USD 147m (38 per cent of the line) at USD 94,449 a tonne, 44 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 169,216 a tonne.
  15. Ethylene polymers: in primary forms, ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymers, having a specific gravity of less than 0.94HS 390140The Netherlands: USD 68m at USD 1,426 a tonne. United States: USD 993m (16 per cent of the line) at USD 869 a tonne, 39 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 972 a tonne.
  16. Engines: parts for internal combustion piston engines (excluding spark-ignition)HS 840999The Netherlands: USD 67m at USD 70,472 a tonne. South Korea: USD 314m (23 per cent of the line) at USD 22,088 a tonne, 69 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 29,447 a tonne.
  17. Optical media: recorded, excluding products of Chapter 37HS 852349The Netherlands: USD 62m at USD 8.8m a tonne. United States: USD 191m (11 per cent of the line) at USD 2.4m a tonne, 73 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 10.1m a tonne.
  18. X-ray tubesHS 902230The Netherlands: USD 62m at USD 1.6m a tonne. United States: USD 234m (42 per cent of the line) at USD 486,487 a tonne, 70 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 504,802 a tonne.
  19. Polyacetals: in primary formsHS 390710The Netherlands: USD 54m at USD 3,355 a tonne. United States: USD 137m (18 per cent of the line) at USD 2,303 a tonne, 31 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 2,167 a tonne.
  20. Medical, surgical or dental instruments and appliances: n.e.c. in heading no. 9018HS 901890The Netherlands: USD 53m at USD 1.0m a tonne. United States: USD 1.6bn (36 per cent of the line) at USD 722,968 a tonne, 30 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 235,274 a tonne.
What this record says

What crossed the border, what it was worth, and what it weighed.

Every figure on this page is from CEPII's BACI file, which reconciles what each pair of countries reports to the UN about the same shipment. Trade year 2024, compared with 2022. A line is one six-digit customs heading (HS 2022). Values are in US dollars at the border; growth is in current dollars, so part of any change is price, not volume.

Unit value. Unit values are customs values per tonne, declared at the border, not product prices. It is the value of a line divided by its declared weight, so it mixes grades, models and qualities under one heading. It is shown only where the weight is recorded, at least three source countries of USD 100k or more ship the line to China with a weight, and the figure sits within a factor of five of the middle of those sources. Outside that band it is treated as a recording problem and left out.

Share is the Netherlands's part of everything China imported in that line, from every source. Sources counts the countries that shipped any of it.

Scope. Manufactured and processed goods, customs chapters 16 to 96, without ores, fuels, precious metals, scrap, raw farm output and one-off capital and defence purchases: the same rule as the Made here pages.

What it does not say

A record of trade, not a shopping list.

What this record does not say: what sells at retail, what margin a trade leaves, how crowded the marketplaces are, or how much of a flow is re-exported through entrepots such as Hong Kong and Singapore.

A large line is not proof of an opening, and a lower unit value from another country is not proof the goods are the same. Tariffs, standards, freight, payment terms, lead times and the plain fact that a supplier is good at it are all invisible here. Nothing on this page is a forecast, a recommendation or a promise. No supplier company is named, because the record holds none.

Source: CEPII BACI, HS22, version 202601. Edition of 2026-11-03.

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