Trade lane

What Poland buys from Germany.

Poland imported USD 81bn of manufactured and processed goods from Germany in 2024, up 2 per cent on 2022. That is 25 per cent of everything Poland imported in these lines, and Germany is its largest source. Below: the 50 largest lines, the fastest growing, where Germany dominates, and where another country ships the same line for less a tonne.

Trade year 2024, compared with 2022. Unit values are customs values per tonne, declared at the border, not product prices.

USD 81bnfrom Germany in 2024 (USD 79bn in 2022)
25 per centof Poland's imports in these lines, USD 327bn from every source
2,470product lines worth USD 1m or more on this lane
#1Germany's rank among Poland's sources
The top 50

The largest lines on the lane, by 2024 value.

Each line shows what Poland paid Germany for it at the border, Germany's share of everything Poland imported in that line, how it changed since 2022, and the customs unit value per tonne where the weight is recorded. Together they are 31 per cent of the lane.

  1. 1

    Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail saleHS 300490

    Share of Poland's imports25 per cent, 75 source countries
    Changeup 9 per cent on 2022 (USD 1.3bn in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 36,437 a tonne, 38,228 tonnes
    USD 1.4bnin 2024
  2. 2

    Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), cylinder capacity over 1500 but not over 2500ccHS 870332

    Share of Poland's imports41 per cent, 51 source countries
    Changeup 106 per cent on 2022 (USD 551m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 22,250 a tonne, 50,855 tonnes
    USD 1.1bnin 2024
  3. 3

    Engines: compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87HS 840820

    Share of Poland's imports76 per cent, 31 source countries
    Changeup 20 per cent on 2022 (USD 791m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 15,124 a tonne, 62,812 tonnes
    USD 950min 2024
  4. 4

    Engines: parts for internal combustion piston engines (excluding spark-ignition)HS 840999

    Share of Poland's imports59 per cent, 98 source countries
    Changeup 9 per cent on 2022 (USD 818m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 13,940 a tonne, 63,670 tonnes
    USD 888min 2024
  5. 5

    Vehicle parts: drive-axles with differential, whether or not provided with other transmission components, and non-driving axles: parts thereofHS 870850

    Share of Poland's imports68 per cent, 68 source countries
    Changeup 31 per cent on 2022 (USD 624m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 6,811 a tonne, 119,641 tonnes
    USD 815min 2024
  6. 6

    Vehicles: parts and accessories, of bodies, other than safety seat beltsHS 870829

    Share of Poland's imports38 per cent, 92 source countries
    Changeup 11 per cent on 2022 (USD 689m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 6,231 a tonne, 122,563 tonnes
    USD 764min 2024
  7. 7

    Dog or cat food: put up for retail sale, used in animal feedingHS 230910

    Share of Poland's imports45 per cent, 57 source countries
    Changeup 28 per cent on 2022 (USD 570m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 3,195 a tonne, 228,101 tonnes
    USD 729min 2024
  8. 8

    Engines: parts, suitable for use solely or principally with spark-ignition internal combustion piston engines (for other than aircraft)HS 840991

    Share of Poland's imports56 per cent, 91 source countries
    Changeup 103 per cent on 2022 (USD 352m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 16,174 a tonne, 44,153 tonnes
    USD 714min 2024
  9. 9

    Vehicle parts and accessories: n.e.c. in heading no. 8708HS 870899

    Share of Poland's imports26 per cent, 106 source countries
    Changeup 16 per cent on 2022 (USD 606m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 7,261 a tonne, 96,765 tonnes
    USD 703min 2024
  10. 10

    Plastics: other articles n.e.c. in chapter 39HS 392690

    Share of Poland's imports29 per cent, 157 source countries
    Changeup 3 per cent on 2022 (USD 641m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 10,510 a tonne, 62,697 tonnes
    USD 659min 2024
  11. 11

    Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston engine, cylinder capacity over 1500 but not over 3000ccHS 870323

    Share of Poland's imports24 per cent, 53 source countries
    Changeup 9 per cent on 2022 (USD 597m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 12,431 a tonne, 52,497 tonnes
    USD 653min 2024
  12. 12

    Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), cylinder capacity over 2500ccHS 870333

    Share of Poland's imports67 per cent, 34 source countries
    Changeup 287 per cent on 2022 (USD 167m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 38,911 a tonne, 16,646 tonnes
    USD 648min 2024
  13. 13

    Vehicles: with both spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine and electric motor for propulsion, incapable of being charged by plugging to external source of...HS 870340

    Share of Poland's imports12 per cent, 33 source countries
    Changeup 21 per cent on 2022 (USD 528m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 18,287 a tonne, 35,063 tonnes
    USD 641min 2024
  14. 14

    Vehicle parts: brakes, servo-brakes and parts thereofHS 870830

    Share of Poland's imports37 per cent, 92 source countries
    Changeup 20 per cent on 2022 (USD 496m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 5,940 a tonne, 100,407 tonnes
    USD 596min 2024
  15. 15

    Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine, cylinder capacity over 1000 but not over 1500ccHS 870322

    Share of Poland's imports19 per cent, 44 source countries
    Changeup 72 per cent on 2022 (USD 342m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 18,608 a tonne, 31,658 tonnes
    USD 589min 2024
  16. 16

    Aluminium: plates, sheets and strip, thickness exceeding 0.2mm, alloys, rectangular (including square)HS 760612

    Share of Poland's imports38 per cent, 51 source countries
    Changedown 7 per cent on 2022 (USD 615m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 4,304 a tonne, 132,953 tonnes
    USD 572min 2024
  17. 17

    Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not electrolytically)HS 721049

    Share of Poland's imports45 per cent, 45 source countries
    Changedown 13 per cent on 2022 (USD 641m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 975 a tonne, 572,550 tonnes
    USD 558min 2024
  18. 18

    Vehicle parts: gear boxes and parts thereofHS 870840

    Share of Poland's imports51 per cent, 85 source countries
    Changeup 37 per cent on 2022 (USD 393m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 15,552 a tonne, 34,509 tonnes
    USD 537min 2024
  19. 19

    Footwear: n.e.c. in heading no. 6403, (not covering the ankle), outer soles of rubber, plastics or composition leather, uppers of leatherHS 640399

    Share of Poland's imports29 per cent, 111 source countries
    Changeup 45 per cent on 2022 (USD 369m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 67,603 a tonne, 7,924 tonnes
    USD 536min 2024
  20. 20

    Vehicles: with both compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel) and electric motor for propulsion, incapable of being charged by...HS 870350

    Share of Poland's imports37 per cent, 26 source countries
    Changedown 30 per cent on 2022 (USD 705m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 21,524 a tonne, 22,864 tonnes
    USD 492min 2024
  21. 21

    Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products: immunological products, put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail...HS 300215

    Share of Poland's imports19 per cent, 38 source countries
    Changeup 65 per cent on 2022 (USD 288m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 5.8m a tonne, 82 tonnes
    USD 474min 2024
  22. 22

    Copper: wire, of refined copper, of which the maximum cross-sectional dimension exceeds 6mmHS 740811

    Share of Poland's imports91 per cent, 18 source countries
    Changeup 15 per cent on 2022 (USD 412m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 9,467 a tonne, 50,064 tonnes
    USD 474min 2024
  23. 23

    Biodiesel and mixtures thereof: not containing or containing less than 70% by weight of petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous mineralsHS 382600

    Share of Poland's imports94 per cent, 16 source countries
    Changedown 8 per cent on 2022 (USD 508m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1,170 a tonne, 397,846 tonnes
    USD 465min 2024
  24. 24

    Catalysts, supported: reaction initiators, reaction accelerators and catalytic preparations, with precious metal or precious metal compounds as the active substance...HS 381512

    Share of Poland's imports85 per cent, 22 source countries
    Changeup 4 per cent on 2022 (USD 415m in 2022)
    Unit valuenot shown: weight missing or out of range
    USD 429min 2024
  25. 25

    Iron or steel: articles n.e.c. in heading 7326HS 732690

    Share of Poland's imports30 per cent, 96 source countries
    Changeup 1 per cent on 2022 (USD 425m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 5,485 a tonne, 78,259 tonnes
    USD 429min 2024
  26. 26

    Vehicle parts: suspension systems and parts thereof (including shock-absorbers)HS 870880

    Share of Poland's imports36 per cent, 94 source countries
    Changeup 48 per cent on 2022 (USD 280m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 8,238 a tonne, 50,323 tonnes
    USD 415min 2024
  27. 27

    Automatic data processing machines: portable, weighing not more than 10kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a displayHS 847130

    Share of Poland's imports16 per cent, 95 source countries
    Changedown 35 per cent on 2022 (USD 635m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 307,824 a tonne, 1,341 tonnes
    USD 413min 2024
  28. 28

    Boards, panels, consoles, desks and other bases: for electric control or the distribution of electricity, (other than switching apparatus of heading no. 8517), for a...HS 853710

    Share of Poland's imports26 per cent, 99 source countries
    Changedown 2 per cent on 2022 (USD 412m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 107,945 a tonne, 3,749 tonnes
    USD 405min 2024
  29. 29

    Machines and mechanical appliances: having individual functions, n.e.c. or included in this chapterHS 847989

    Share of Poland's imports36 per cent, 75 source countries
    Changeup 4 per cent on 2022 (USD 379m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 27,925 a tonne, 14,171 tonnes
    USD 396min 2024
  30. 30

    Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or...HS 854231

    Share of Poland's imports17 per cent, 79 source countries
    Changeup 3 per cent on 2022 (USD 372m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 1.5m a tonne, 251 tonnes
    USD 382min 2024
  31. 31

    Communication apparatus (excluding telephone sets or base stations): machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regeneration of voice, images or other...HS 851762

    Share of Poland's imports13 per cent, 110 source countries
    Changedown 11 per cent on 2022 (USD 428m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 262,549 a tonne, 1,451 tonnes
    USD 381min 2024
  32. 32

    Trailers and semi-trailers: (other than tanker type)HS 871639

    Share of Poland's imports61 per cent, 40 source countries
    Changedown 39 per cent on 2022 (USD 614m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 5,052 a tonne, 73,874 tonnes
    USD 373min 2024
  33. 33

    Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including thermostatically controlled valvesHS 848180

    Share of Poland's imports26 per cent, 92 source countries
    Changeup 3 per cent on 2022 (USD 349m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 30,238 a tonne, 11,832 tonnes
    USD 358min 2024
  34. 34

    Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston engine, cylinder capacity over 3000ccHS 870324

    Share of Poland's imports45 per cent, 36 source countries
    Changeup 37 per cent on 2022 (USD 260m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 47,910 a tonne, 7,428 tonnes
    USD 356min 2024
  35. 35

    Vehicles: with both spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine and electric motor for propulsion, capable of being charged by plugging to external source of...HS 870360

    Share of Poland's imports27 per cent, 30 source countries
    Changeup 113 per cent on 2022 (USD 163m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 28,754 a tonne, 12,077 tonnes
    USD 347min 2024
  36. 36

    Electric accumulators: lithium-ion, including separators, whether or not rectangular (including square)HS 850760

    Share of Poland's imports21 per cent, 69 source countries
    Changeup 72 per cent on 2022 (USD 201m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 41,831 a tonne, 8,258 tonnes
    USD 345min 2024
  37. 37

    Vehicles: with only electric motor for propulsionHS 870380

    Share of Poland's imports37 per cent, 32 source countries
    Changeup 45 per cent on 2022 (USD 234m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 21,325 a tonne, 15,946 tonnes
    USD 340min 2024
  38. 38

    Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), for transport of goods, (of a gvw not exceeding 5 tonnes), n.e.c. in...HS 870421

    Share of Poland's imports24 per cent, 36 source countries
    Changeup 35 per cent on 2022 (USD 251m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 16,509 a tonne, 20,560 tonnes
    USD 339min 2024
  39. 39

    T-shirts, singlets and other vests: of cotton, knitted or crochetedHS 610910

    Share of Poland's imports21 per cent, 128 source countries
    Changeup 20 per cent on 2022 (USD 280m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 38,733 a tonne, 8,698 tonnes
    USD 337min 2024
  40. 40

    Trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts: men's or boys', of cotton (not knitted or crocheted)HS 620342

    Share of Poland's imports24 per cent, 119 source countries
    Changeup 42 per cent on 2022 (USD 232m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 37,051 a tonne, 8,884 tonnes
    USD 329min 2024
  41. 41

    Cocoa: butter, fat and oilHS 180400

    Share of Poland's imports45 per cent, 30 source countries
    Changeup 154 per cent on 2022 (USD 128m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 14,997 a tonne, 21,733 tonnes
    USD 326min 2024
  42. 42

    Electrical static convertersHS 850440

    Share of Poland's imports20 per cent, 111 source countries
    Changeup 7 per cent on 2022 (USD 300m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 57,308 a tonne, 5,602 tonnes
    USD 321min 2024
  43. 43

    Paper & paperboard: uncoated, testliner (recycled linerboard), weight 150g/m2, or less, in rolls or sheetsHS 480524

    Share of Poland's imports67 per cent, 21 source countries
    Changedown 27 per cent on 2022 (USD 438m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 514 a tonne, 621,149 tonnes
    USD 319min 2024
  44. 44

    Chemical products, mixtures and preparations: n.e.c. heading 3824HS 382499

    Share of Poland's imports33 per cent, 72 source countries
    Changedown 1 per cent on 2022 (USD 320m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 2,417 a tonne, 130,635 tonnes
    USD 316min 2024
  45. 45

    Food preparations: n.e.c. in item no. 2106.10HS 210690

    Share of Poland's imports30 per cent, 95 source countries
    Changeup 3 per cent on 2022 (USD 298m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 6,754 a tonne, 45,554 tonnes
    USD 308min 2024
  46. 46

    Machinery: for filtering or purifying gases, other than intake air filters, catalytic converters or particulate filters for internal combustion enginesHS 842139

    Share of Poland's imports55 per cent, 85 source countries
    Changeup 75 per cent on 2022 (USD 175m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 32,664 a tonne, 9,390 tonnes
    USD 307min 2024
  47. 47

    Games: video game consoles and machines, other than those of subheading 9504.30HS 950450

    Share of Poland's imports35 per cent, 75 source countries
    Changedown 54 per cent on 2022 (USD 651m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 212,636 a tonne, 1,416 tonnes
    USD 301min 2024
  48. 48

    Seats: parts, (of other than wood) for use in the assembly of motor vehicles as determined by the ministerHS 940199

    Share of Poland's imports25 per cent, 68 source countries
    Changedown 1 per cent on 2022 (USD 298m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 5,699 a tonne, 51,540 tonnes
    USD 294min 2024
  49. 49

    Footwear: n.e.c. in heading no. 6402, (other than just covering the ankle), with outer soles and uppers of rubber or plasticsHS 640299

    Share of Poland's imports25 per cent, 106 source countries
    Changeup 14 per cent on 2022 (USD 251m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 36,033 a tonne, 7,938 tonnes
    USD 286min 2024
  50. 50

    Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, waistcoats and similar articles: of cotton, knitted or crochetedHS 611020

    Share of Poland's imports21 per cent, 119 source countries
    Changeup 50 per cent on 2022 (USD 190m in 2022)
    Unit valueUSD 39,617 a tonne, 7,201 tonnes
    USD 285min 2024
Fastest growing

The lines that grew most since 2022.

Lines worth at least USD 5m in 2022, ranked by growth to 2024 in current dollars. A fast rise can be a new product, a shift away from another source, or a price change; the record does not say which.

  1. Meters: speed indicators and tachometers: stroboscopesHS 902920USD 61m in 2024, from USD 8m in 2022. Germany supplies 40 per cent of the line.
  2. Radar apparatusHS 852610USD 105m in 2024, from USD 15m in 2022. Germany supplies 40 per cent of the line.
  3. Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, (excluding silicon-electrical or high speed steel), hot-rolledHS 722691USD 37m in 2024, up 406 per cent on 2022 (USD 7m in 2022). Germany supplies 61 per cent of the line.
  4. Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), cylinder capacity not over 1500ccHS 870331USD 60m in 2024, up 335 per cent on 2022 (USD 14m in 2022). Germany supplies 19 per cent of the line.
  5. Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), cylinder capacity over 2500ccHS 870333USD 648m in 2024, up 287 per cent on 2022 (USD 167m in 2022). Germany supplies 67 per cent of the line.
  6. Engines: for marine propulsion, compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines)HS 840810USD 27m in 2024, up 264 per cent on 2022 (USD 8m in 2022). Germany supplies 46 per cent of the line.
  7. Printing machinery: used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 84.42, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1HS 844319USD 20m in 2024, up 228 per cent on 2022 (USD 6m in 2022). Germany supplies 43 per cent of the line.
  8. Cocoa: paste, not defattedHS 180310USD 170m in 2024, up 224 per cent on 2022 (USD 53m in 2022). Germany supplies 33 per cent of the line.
  9. Vehicles: parts of bodies, safety seat beltsHS 870821USD 17m in 2024, up 222 per cent on 2022 (USD 5m in 2022). Germany supplies 27 per cent of the line.
  10. Waters: including mineral and aerated, containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or flavouredHS 220210USD 101m in 2024, up 201 per cent on 2022 (USD 34m in 2022). Germany supplies 34 per cent of the line.
  11. Turbines: parts of gas turbines (excluding turbo-jets and turbo-propellers)HS 841199USD 44m in 2024, up 183 per cent on 2022 (USD 16m in 2022). Germany supplies 9 per cent of the line.
  12. Medicaments: containing hormones (but not insulin), adrenal cortex hormones or antibiotics, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail saleHS 300439USD 252m in 2024, up 174 per cent on 2022 (USD 92m in 2022). Germany supplies 37 per cent of the line.
  13. Trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts: men's or boys', of textile materials (other than wool, fine animal hair, cotton or synthetic fibres), (not...HS 620349USD 22m in 2024, up 172 per cent on 2022 (USD 8m in 2022). Germany supplies 28 per cent of the line.
  14. Machinery: industrial, for bakery and for the manufacture of macaroni, spaghetti or similar productsHS 843810USD 38m in 2024, up 171 per cent on 2022 (USD 14m in 2022). Germany supplies 32 per cent of the line.
  15. Navigational instruments and appliances: for navigation other than aeronautical or space navigation (excluding direction finding compasses)HS 901480USD 15m in 2024, up 169 per cent on 2022 (USD 6m in 2022). Germany supplies 31 per cent of the line.
  16. Harvesting machinery: for roots or tubersHS 843353USD 35m in 2024, up 164 per cent on 2022 (USD 13m in 2022). Germany supplies 85 per cent of the line.
  17. Steel, alloy: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolledHS 722550USD 18m in 2024, up 163 per cent on 2022 (USD 7m in 2022). Germany supplies 13 per cent of the line.
  18. Furniture: wooden, for bedroom useHS 940350USD 14m in 2024, up 162 per cent on 2022 (USD 5m in 2022). Germany supplies 10 per cent of the line.
  19. Footwear: parts, n.e.c. in heading 6406HS 640690USD 23m in 2024, up 162 per cent on 2022 (USD 9m in 2022). Germany supplies 48 per cent of the line.
  20. Skirts and divided skirts: women's or girls', of cotton (not knitted or crocheted)HS 620452USD 20m in 2024, up 160 per cent on 2022 (USD 8m in 2022). Germany supplies 19 per cent of the line.
Where Germany dominates

Lines where Germany supplies 60 per cent or more.

The largest lines worth USD 1m or more where Germany ships at least 60 per cent of what Poland imports. This is supply concentration: how much of the line depends on one source country.

  1. Engines: compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87HS 84082076 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 950m; 31 source countries in all.
  2. Vehicle parts: drive-axles with differential, whether or not provided with other transmission components, and non-driving axles: parts thereofHS 87085068 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 815m; 68 source countries in all.
  3. Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), cylinder capacity over 2500ccHS 87033367 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 648m; 34 source countries in all.
  4. Copper: wire, of refined copper, of which the maximum cross-sectional dimension exceeds 6mmHS 74081191 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 474m; 18 source countries in all.
  5. Biodiesel and mixtures thereof: not containing or containing less than 70% by weight of petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous mineralsHS 38260094 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 465m; 16 source countries in all.
  6. Catalysts, supported: reaction initiators, reaction accelerators and catalytic preparations, with precious metal or precious metal compounds as the active substance...HS 38151285 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 429m; 22 source countries in all.
  7. Trailers and semi-trailers: (other than tanker type)HS 87163961 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 373m; 40 source countries in all.
  8. Paper & paperboard: uncoated, testliner (recycled linerboard), weight 150g/m2, or less, in rolls or sheetsHS 48052467 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 319m; 21 source countries in all.
  9. Paper and paperboard: uncoated, fluting paper other than semi-chemical or straw, rolls or sheetsHS 48051966 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 273m; 24 source countries in all.
  10. Vinyl chloride polymers: monofilament, of which any cross-sectional dimension exceeds 1mm, rods, sticks and profile shapes, whether or not surface-worked but not...HS 39162087 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 222m; 44 source countries in all.
  11. Ceramic wares: for laboratory, chemical or other technical uses, other than articles having a hardness equivalent to 9 or more on the Mohs scale or of porcelain or chinaHS 69091963 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 221m; 45 source countries in all.
  12. Printed matter: books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter n.e.c. in item no. 4901.10 or 4901.91HS 49019960 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 212m; 117 source countries in all.
  13. Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, containing indentations, ribs, grooves or other deformations produced during the rolling...HS 72142060 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 202m; 34 source countries in all.
  14. Machinery: catalytic converters or particulate filters, whether or not combined, for purifying or filtering exhaust gases from internal combustion enginesHS 84213285 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 192m; 43 source countries in all.
  15. Electric motors: AC motors, multi-phase, of an output not exceeding 750WHS 85015174 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 154m; 53 source countries in all.
  16. Paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding and webs of soft cellulose fibres: coated, impregnated, covered, surface-decorated or surface-coloured, n.e.c. in heading no. 4811...HS 48119065 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 138m; 51 source countries in all.
  17. Tobacco: other than homogenised or reconstituted or smokingHS 24039976 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 116m; 24 source countries in all.
  18. Paper and paperboard: corrugated, whether or not perforated, in rolls or sheets, other than paper of heading 4803HS 48081086 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 112m; 29 source countries in all.
  19. Razors: safety razor blades, including razor blade blanks in stripsHS 82122080 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 112m; 40 source countries in all.
  20. Vehicles: bodies (including cabs) for the motor vehicles of heading no. 8701, 8702, 8704 or 8705HS 87079072 per cent of Poland's imports of the line, USD 110m; 34 source countries in all.
Another source, lower unit value

Where another country ships the same line for at least 20 per cent less a tonne.

Lines worth USD 5m or more where Germany's unit value is recorded and another country also ships at least USD 5m of the same line to Poland at a unit value at least 20 per cent lower. The largest such source is named. The same heading can hold different grades, so a lower figure is a question to ask, not a like-for-like price.

  1. Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail saleHS 300490Germany: USD 1.4bn at USD 36,437 a tonne. Italy: USD 246m (4 per cent of the line) at USD 19,356 a tonne, 47 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 85,211 a tonne.
  2. Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), cylinder capacity over 1500 but not over 2500ccHS 870332Germany: USD 1.1bn at USD 22,250 a tonne. Czech Republic: USD 370m (14 per cent of the line) at USD 15,758 a tonne, 29 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 15,873 a tonne.
  3. Engines: compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87HS 840820Germany: USD 950m at USD 15,124 a tonne. France: USD 59m (5 per cent of the line) at USD 9,372 a tonne, 38 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 20,998 a tonne.
  4. Engines: parts for internal combustion piston engines (excluding spark-ignition)HS 840999Germany: USD 888m at USD 13,940 a tonne. Czech Republic: USD 69m (5 per cent of the line) at USD 8,192 a tonne, 41 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 28,519 a tonne.
  5. Vehicle parts: drive-axles with differential, whether or not provided with other transmission components, and non-driving axles: parts thereofHS 870850Germany: USD 815m at USD 6,811 a tonne. Czech Republic: USD 19m (2 per cent of the line) at USD 4,237 a tonne, 38 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 11,097 a tonne.
  6. Vehicles: parts and accessories, of bodies, other than safety seat beltsHS 870829Germany: USD 764m at USD 6,231 a tonne. Czech Republic: USD 279m (14 per cent of the line) at USD 4,228 a tonne, 32 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 10,982 a tonne.
  7. Dog or cat food: put up for retail sale, used in animal feedingHS 230910Germany: USD 729m at USD 3,195 a tonne. Czech Republic: USD 171m (11 per cent of the line) at USD 2,543 a tonne, 20 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 2,683 a tonne.
  8. Engines: parts, suitable for use solely or principally with spark-ignition internal combustion piston engines (for other than aircraft)HS 840991Germany: USD 714m at USD 16,174 a tonne. Czech Republic: USD 62m (5 per cent of the line) at USD 10,607 a tonne, 34 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 30,660 a tonne.
  9. Vehicle parts and accessories: n.e.c. in heading no. 8708HS 870899Germany: USD 703m at USD 7,261 a tonne. Czech Republic: USD 209m (8 per cent of the line) at USD 4,741 a tonne, 35 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 11,942 a tonne.
  10. Plastics: other articles n.e.c. in chapter 39HS 392690Germany: USD 659m at USD 10,510 a tonne. China: USD 396m (17 per cent of the line) at USD 7,533 a tonne, 28 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 10,731 a tonne.
  11. Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston engine, cylinder capacity over 1500 but not over 3000ccHS 870323Germany: USD 653m at USD 12,431 a tonne. France: USD 23m (1 per cent of the line) at USD 6,662 a tonne, 46 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 16,078 a tonne.
  12. Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), cylinder capacity over 2500ccHS 870333Germany: USD 648m at USD 38,911 a tonne. Japan: USD 156m (16 per cent of the line) at USD 21,249 a tonne, 45 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 22,619 a tonne.
  13. Vehicles: with both spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine and electric motor for propulsion, incapable of being charged by plugging to external source of...HS 870340Germany: USD 641m at USD 18,287 a tonne. France: USD 217m (4 per cent of the line) at USD 13,926 a tonne, 24 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 16,400 a tonne.
  14. Vehicle parts: brakes, servo-brakes and parts thereofHS 870830Germany: USD 596m at USD 5,940 a tonne. China: USD 293m (18 per cent of the line) at USD 2,817 a tonne, 53 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 8,003 a tonne.
  15. Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine, cylinder capacity over 1000 but not over 1500ccHS 870322Germany: USD 589m at USD 18,608 a tonne. Spain: USD 262m (8 per cent of the line) at USD 12,898 a tonne, 31 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 12,768 a tonne.
  16. Aluminium: plates, sheets and strip, thickness exceeding 0.2mm, alloys, rectangular (including square)HS 760612Germany: USD 572m at USD 4,304 a tonne. China: USD 172m (11 per cent of the line) at USD 3,327 a tonne, 23 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 4,489 a tonne.
  17. Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not electrolytically)HS 721049Germany: USD 558m at USD 975 a tonne. China: USD 28m (2 per cent of the line) at USD 733 a tonne, 25 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 956 a tonne.
  18. Vehicle parts: gear boxes and parts thereofHS 870840Germany: USD 537m at USD 15,552 a tonne. Czech Republic: USD 10m (1 per cent of the line) at USD 8,621 a tonne, 45 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 20,194 a tonne.
  19. Footwear: n.e.c. in heading no. 6403, (not covering the ankle), outer soles of rubber, plastics or composition leather, uppers of leatherHS 640399Germany: USD 536m at USD 67,603 a tonne. Vietnam: USD 275m (15 per cent of the line) at USD 53,186 a tonne, 21 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 56,208 a tonne.
  20. Vehicles: with both compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel) and electric motor for propulsion, incapable of being charged by...HS 870350Germany: USD 492m at USD 21,524 a tonne. United States: USD 238m (18 per cent of the line) at USD 17,167 a tonne, 20 per cent lower. Middle of all sources: USD 22,066 a tonne.
What this record says

What crossed the border, what it was worth, and what it weighed.

Every figure on this page is from CEPII's BACI file, which reconciles what each pair of countries reports to the UN about the same shipment. Trade year 2024, compared with 2022. A line is one six-digit customs heading (HS 2022). Values are in US dollars at the border; growth is in current dollars, so part of any change is price, not volume.

Unit value. Unit values are customs values per tonne, declared at the border, not product prices. It is the value of a line divided by its declared weight, so it mixes grades, models and qualities under one heading. It is shown only where the weight is recorded, at least three source countries of USD 100k or more ship the line to Poland with a weight, and the figure sits within a factor of five of the middle of those sources. Outside that band it is treated as a recording problem and left out.

Share is Germany's part of everything Poland imported in that line, from every source. Sources counts the countries that shipped any of it.

Scope. Manufactured and processed goods, customs chapters 16 to 96, without ores, fuels, precious metals, scrap, raw farm output and one-off capital and defence purchases: the same rule as the Made here pages.

What it does not say

A record of trade, not a shopping list.

What this record does not say: what sells at retail, what margin a trade leaves, how crowded the marketplaces are, or how much of a flow is re-exported through entrepots such as Hong Kong and Singapore.

A large line is not proof of an opening, and a lower unit value from another country is not proof the goods are the same. Tariffs, standards, freight, payment terms, lead times and the plain fact that a supplier is good at it are all invisible here. Nothing on this page is a forecast, a recommendation or a promise. No supplier company is named, because the record holds none.

Source: CEPII BACI, HS22, version 202601. Edition of 2026-11-03.

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