The twenty imports Ghana is best placed to replace.

1. 1

   Cement clinkers (whether or not coloured)HS 252310

   Comes fromEgypt 63%, 10 source countries

   Nearest export strengthQuicklime: excluding calcium oxide and hydroxide of heading no. 2825 (exports USD 14m)

   Exports of this lineUSD 225k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 22m

   Countries that export it well36

   Score 8 of 8: import bill USD 167m, top 2 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 1 per cent (3); Egypt supplies 63 per cent (2).

   USD 167mdown 13% on 2022
2. 2

   Food preparations: pasta, uncooked (excluding that containing eggs), not stuffed or otherwise preparedHS 190219

   Comes fromTurkey 93%, 18 source countries

   Nearest export strengthFood preparations: of flour, meal, starch, malt extract or milk... (exports USD 11m)

   Exports of this lineUSD 127k

   Countries that export it well32

   Score 8 of 8: import bill USD 81m, top 10 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 3 per cent (3); Turkey supplies 93 per cent (2).

   USD 81mup 53% on 2022
3. 3

   Footwear: n.e.c. in heading no. 6402, (other than just covering the ankle), with outer soles and uppers of rubber or...HS 640299

   Comes fromChina 99%, 26 source countries

   Nearest export strengthnone in the same chapter

   Exports of this lineUSD 258k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 22m

   Countries that export it well16

   Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 257m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 13 per cent (2); China supplies 99 per cent (2).

   USD 257mup 20% on 2022
4. 4

   Sugars: sucrose, chemically pure, in solid form, not containing added flavouring or colouring matterHS 170199

   Comes fromBrazil 48%, 20 source countries

   Nearest export strengthnone in the same chapter

   Exports of this linenone recorded

   Countries that export it well44

   Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 238m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 7 per cent (3); Brazil supplies 48 per cent (1).

   USD 238mup 49% on 2022
5. 5

   Fish preparations: sardines, sardinella and brisling or sprats, prepared or preserved, whole or in pieces (but not...HS 160413

   Comes fromChina 62%, 10 source countries

   Nearest export strengthFish preparations: tunas, skipjack tuna and bonito (Sarda spp.)... (exports USD 144m)

   Exports of this lineUSD 161k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 30m

   Countries that export it well19

   Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 63m, top 15 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 9 per cent (3); China supplies 62 per cent (2).

   USD 63mdown 5% on 2022
6. 6

   T-shirts, singlets and other vests: of textile materials (other than cotton), knitted or crochetedHS 610990

   Comes fromChina 99%, 35 source countries

   Nearest export strengthShirts: men's or boys', of man-made fibres, knitted or crocheted (exports USD 17m)

   Exports of this lineUSD 3m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 23m

   Countries that export it well41

   Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 60m, top 16 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 5 per cent (3); China supplies 99 per cent (2).

   USD 60mup 304% on 2022
7. 7

   Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue in the country in which they have, or will have, a...HS 490700

   Comes fromMalta 99%, 5 source countries

   Nearest export strengthnone in the same chapter

   Exports of this lineUSD 31k

   Countries that export it well40

   Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 47m, top 21 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 8 per cent (3); Malta supplies 99 per cent (2).

   USD 47mup 37% on 2022
8. 8

   Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses...HS 300490

   Comes fromIndia 69%, 38 source countries

   Nearest export strengthnone in the same chapter

   Exports of this lineUSD 10m; 4 more lines in the heading, USD 76m

   Countries that export it well32

   Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 210m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 37 per cent (1); India supplies 69 per cent (2).

   USD 210mup 42% on 2022
9. 9

   Wigs, false beards, eyebrows and eyelashes, switches and the like and other articles n.e.c.: of human hairHS 670420

   Comes fromChina 100%, 6 source countries

   Nearest export strengthBasketwork, wickerwork and other articles: of rattan, made directly...

   Exports of this lineUSD 800k; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 31m

   Countries that export it well9

   Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 165m, top 2 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 31 per cent (1); China supplies 100 per cent (2).

   USD 165mup 108% on 2022
10. 10

    Herbicides, anti-sprouting products and plant-growth regulators: other than containing goods of Subheading Note 1 to...HS 380893

    Comes fromChina 99%, 12 source countries

    Nearest export strengthnone in the same chapter

    Exports of this lineUSD 244k; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 72m

    Countries that export it well22

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 161m, top 3 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 45 per cent (1); China supplies 99 per cent (2).

    USD 161mdown 5% on 2022
11. 11

    Insulated electric conductors: for a voltage not exceeding 1000 volts, not fitted with connectorsHS 854449

    Comes fromChina 84%, 41 source countries

    Nearest export strengthWaste and scrap: of a kind used principally for the recovery of... (exports USD 3m)

    Exports of this lineUSD 2m; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 60m

    Countries that export it well35

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 121m, top 5 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 29 per cent (1); China supplies 84 per cent (2).

    USD 121mup 27% on 2022
12. 12

    Poly(ethylene terephthalate): in primary forms, having a viscosity of 78ml/g or higherHS 390761

    Comes fromChina 98%, 5 source countries

    Nearest export strengthPlastics: tubes, pipes and hoses thereof, rigid, of polymers of... (exports USD 30m)

    Exports of this lineUSD 708k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 12m

    Countries that export it well21

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 103m, top 7 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 28 per cent (1); China supplies 98 per cent (2).

    USD 103mup 18% on 2022
13. 13

    Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not...HS 721049

    Comes fromChina 99%, 8 source countries

    Nearest export strengthIron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly... (exports USD 7m)

    Exports of this lineUSD 211k; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 185m

    Countries that export it well26

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 99m, top 8 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 47 per cent (1); China supplies 99 per cent (2).

    USD 99mup 9% on 2022
14. 14

    Acyclic hydrocarbons: saturatedHS 290110

    Comes fromUnited States 99%, 8 source countries

    Nearest export strengthOrgano-sulphur compounds: 2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanethiol (exports USD 21k)

    Exports of this linenone recorded

    Countries that export it well9

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 92m, top 9 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 50 per cent (1); United States supplies 99 per cent (2).

    USD 92mfrom USD 998k in 2022
15. 15

    Iron or steel: grinding balls and similar articles for mills, forged or stamped, but not further workedHS 732611

    Comes fromChina 86%, 8 source countries

    Nearest export strengthIron or steel (excluding cast iron): tubes, pipes and hollow... (exports USD 6m)

    Exports of this lineUSD 427k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 69m

    Countries that export it well14

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 44m, top 22 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 18 per cent (2); China supplies 86 per cent (2).

    USD 44mdown 29% on 2022
16. 16

    Sauces and preparations therefor: mixed condiments and mixed seasoningsHS 210390

    Comes fromChina 45%, 26 source countries

    Nearest export strengthPreparations with a basis of extracts, essences or concentrates or... (exports USD 3m)

    Exports of this lineUSD 2m

    Countries that export it well45

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 43m, top 23 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 8 per cent (3); China supplies 45 per cent (1).

    USD 43mup 32% on 2022
17. 17

    Plastics: plates, sheets, film, foil and strip (not self-adhesive), of polymers of ethylene, non-cellular and not...HS 392010

    Comes fromChina 61%, 26 source countries

    Nearest export strengthPlastics: tubes, pipes and hoses thereof, rigid, of polymers of... (exports USD 30m)

    Exports of this lineUSD 2m; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 48m

    Countries that export it well39

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 41m, top 24 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 19 per cent (2); China supplies 61 per cent (2).

    USD 41mup 53% on 2022
18. 18

    Ethylene polymers: sacks and bags (including cones), for the conveyance or packing of goodsHS 392321

    Comes fromChina 72%, 29 source countries

    Nearest export strengthPlastics: tubes, pipes and hoses thereof, rigid, of polymers of... (exports USD 30m)

    Exports of this lineUSD 283k; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 62m

    Countries that export it well34

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 33m, top 30 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 7 per cent (3); China supplies 72 per cent (2).

    USD 33mup 38% on 2022
19. 19

    Graders and levellersHS 842920

    Comes fromChina 91%, 9 source countries

    Nearest export strengthCranes: transporter, gantry and bridge cranes (exports USD 2m)

    Exports of this lineUSD 118k; 5 more lines in the heading, USD 579m

    Countries that export it well19

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 31m, top 32 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 8 per cent (3); China supplies 91 per cent (2).

    USD 31mup 108% on 2022
20. 20

    Soap: in forms n.e.c. in item no. 3401.11HS 340120

    Comes fromIndonesia 87%, 23 source countries

    Nearest export strengthWashing and cleaning preparations: powders, flakes and granules... (exports USD 15m)

    Exports of this lineUSD 296k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 19m

    Countries that export it well41

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 21m, top 50 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Ghana's export strengths in the top 4 per cent (3); Indonesia supplies 87 per cent (2).

    USD 21mdown 14% on 2022

One line per customs heading. Products Ghana already exports well and still imports are below, because they are a different conversation. No employment figures appear on this page, by decision.